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Raton Mesa (formerly known as Raton Mountain) is the name of the mesa that overlooks the town of Trinidad and is located in Las Animas County, Colorado. The highest point of Raton Mesa is Fishers Peak. In 1967, the Department of the Interior designated it as a National Natural Landmark.[1][2]
Raton Mesa is the namesake for Raton Pass and also lends its name to the cluster of that separate northeastern New Mexico from southeastern Colorado, collectively recognized as the (formerly known as the Raton Mountains).
Raton Mesas are volcanic in origin caused by lava flows which solidified into basalt. Over time the softer sedimentary rock surrounding the basalt eroded leaving several distinct large, elevated tablelands with precipitous sides.Lee, Willis T. "The Raton Mesas of New Mexico and Colorado" Geographic Review, Vol 11, No 3 (July 1921), pp. 384-397
The Raton Mesas begin at the Sangre de Cristo Mountains to the west and extend eastward for 90 miles (140 km) along the Colorado-New Mexico border to the Oklahoma panhandle. In addition to Raton Mesa proper, the major mesas within this cluster include Bartlett Mesa, Horseshoe Mesa, and Johnson Mesa. East of the major mesas, between Branson, Colorado, and the Black Mesa of Oklahoma, lies a scattering of minor mesas known as "Mesa de Maya."Keyes, Charles R. (1919), The Hanging Gardens of the Mesa de Maya, The Geographic Review, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 145-152. Downloaded from JSTOR.
Much like how "New York" refers to both a city and a state, "Raton" is used to refer to both a specific mesa and the larger collection of mesas.
The flat-topped mesas are mostly grassland, but their steep slopes are wooded with ponderosa pine the dominant species, joined by quaking aspen, Douglas fir, and white fir at higher elevations and pinyon pine, juniper, and Gambel oak at lower elevations. Mammal species include American black bear, cougar, mule deer, beaver, and especially elk which are seen in herds of more than 100 individuals.Jones, Cheri A. (2002) "Mammals of the James M. John and Lake Dorothey State Wildlife Areas, Las Animas County, Colorado", Proceedings of the Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Series 4, No. 3, pp. 1-14 Hunting, especially for elk, is popular in season on both public and private lands.Hunting in Las Animas County, Colorado. Sangres.com. http://www.sangres.com/stateco/lasanimas.htm#.VOtPPPldW3k, accessed 23 Feb2015 No public roads reach the top of the mesas. The only public road which penetrates the area is through Sugarite Canyon State Park in New Mexico. It terminates shortly after crossing the border into Colorado at an altitude of . This road provides access to the three publicly owned areas of Raton Mesa: Surgarite Canyon State Park in New Mexico and Lake Dorothey State Wildlife Area and James M. John State Wildlife Area in Colorado."Colorado Parks and Wildlife", http://www.cpw.state.co.us/swa/Lake%20Dorothey%20SWA, accessed 23 Feb 2015 From the parking area at Lake Dorothey, the summit of Fisher's Peak is a straight-line distance of about eight miles by an unmarked trail.Google Earth
Much of the Colorado portion of the Raton Mesa, including Fisher's Peak, was owned by the Crazy French Ranch until 2019 when the ranch was purchased to become a Colorado state park. Funds to purchase the ranch came jointly from Great Outdoors Colorado, the funding arm of the Colorado Lottery, The Nature Conservancy, and the Trust for Public Land.
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